{"id":2737,"date":"2020-07-24T12:06:00","date_gmt":"2020-07-24T12:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wasafrica.org\/?p=2737"},"modified":"2024-09-08T23:36:47","modified_gmt":"2024-09-08T23:36:47","slug":"mariama-sonko-agroecologia-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wasafrica.org\/pt\/mariama-sonko-agroecologia-africa\/","title":{"rendered":"Entrevista com Mariama Sonko: fazer ouvir a voz das mulheres agricultoras da \u00c1frica Ocidental!"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mariama Sonko vive em Niaguiss, uma aldeia no sudoeste do Senegal, em \u00c1frica. Aderiu ao movimento em 1990 e, desde ent\u00e3o, tem vindo a apoiar os conhecimentos e pr\u00e1ticas agr\u00edcolas locais. Tem cinco filhos e os produtos da sua pr\u00f3pria quinta s\u00e3o a base da alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o da sua fam\u00edlia. \u00c9 tesoureira da sua associa\u00e7\u00e3o de base AJAC Lukaal, coordenadora nacional no Senegal e presidente do movimento internacional \"We Are The Solution\". Luta pelos direitos humanos e socioecon\u00f3micos das mulheres e dos jovens.<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Qual \u00e9 a injusti\u00e7a que mais o apaixona?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A \u00eanfase na agricultura convencional, uma pol\u00edtica agroindustrial que nos \u00e9 imposta pelas multinacionais, que se baseia em teorias sedutoras mas que, na realidade, \u00e9 fr\u00e1gil, perigosa e mesmo destrutiva nos seus impactos socioecon\u00f3micos e ambientais. Isto em detrimento da agricultura familiar ou da agro-ecologia, que sempre apoiou a soberania alimentar em \u00c1frica.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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O que \u00e9 que a sua organiza\u00e7\u00e3o faz?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Praticamos a agroecologia e a agricultura familiar; promovemos a soberania alimentar, as sementes dos agricultores, a biodiversidade e a exig\u00eancia de um acesso justo aos recursos.<\/p>

\"We Are the Solution\" nasceu de uma campanha de 2011 pela soberania alimentar em \u00c1frica. Em 2014, tornou-se um movimento de mulheres rurais. O movimento trabalha para a promo\u00e7\u00e3o dos conhecimentos e pr\u00e1ticas dos agricultores, para uma melhor governa\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola por parte dos decisores e para a valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o da produ\u00e7\u00e3o agr\u00edcola familiar africana (agroecologia e sementes dos agricultores), que sempre preservaram a soberania alimentar em \u00c1frica.<\/p>

O movimento procurou refor\u00e7ar a capacidade das mulheres l\u00edderes nos seguintes dom\u00ednios:<\/p>

  • Desenvolver uma consci\u00eancia agro-ecol\u00f3gica.\u00a0<\/li>
  • Comunicar a necessidade de uma alternativa agro-ecol\u00f3gica e baseada no g\u00e9nero. <\/span><\/li>
  • Desenvolver a capacidade institucional das organiza\u00e7\u00f5es que apoiam o movimento. <\/span><\/li>
  • Angariar fundos e mobilizar recursos. <\/span><\/li>
  • Troca de experi\u00eancias agro-ecol\u00f3gicas e partilha de conhecimentos dos agricultores. <\/span><\/li>
  • Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de uma equipa eficaz, desenvolvimento de compet\u00eancias quotidianas. <\/span><\/li>
  • Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de grupos de peritos: sementes dos agricultores, terra, clima e nutri\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/span><\/li>
  • Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o e controlo dos movimentos. <\/span><\/li>
  • Refor\u00e7o das capacidades dos sistemas de produ\u00e7\u00e3o de sementes dos agricultores.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Quantas organiza\u00e7\u00f5es existem na sua rede?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    A nossa rede inclui atualmente cerca de 800 associa\u00e7\u00f5es de mulheres rurais em sete pa\u00edses da \u00c1frica Ocidental (Burkina Faso, G\u00e2mbia, Gana, Guin\u00e9 Conacri, Guin\u00e9-Bissau, Mali e Senegal).<\/p><\/div><\/div>

    \u00a0<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Qual \u00e9 o seu maior orgulho?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    O apoio dos homens que trouxemos para este movimento de mulheres rurais, porque compreendem o significado e o alcance da nossa luta, mas tamb\u00e9m a gest\u00e3o eficaz da WAS \"We Are Solutions\" pelas mulheres rurais africanas.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>

    \u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Quais s\u00e3o os principais desafios \u00e0 soberania alimentar em \u00c1frica?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    • Acesso \u00e0s sementes dos agricultores (recolha, cria\u00e7\u00e3o de bancos de sementes, multiplica\u00e7\u00e3o, etc.)<\/span><\/li>
    • Acesso \u00e0s terras ar\u00e1veis (constru\u00e7\u00e3o de diques ou diques para recupera\u00e7\u00e3o de terras e prote\u00e7\u00e3o das terras agr\u00edcolas).<\/span><\/li>
    • Gest\u00e3o das \u00e1guas pluviais (recolha de \u00e1guas pluviais atrav\u00e9s da cria\u00e7\u00e3o ou desenvolvimento de bacias de reten\u00e7\u00e3o, irriga\u00e7\u00e3o, etc.).<\/span><\/li>
    • Manter uma alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o saud\u00e1vel (sensibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o para os efeitos nocivos da agricultura qu\u00edmica).<\/span><\/li>
    • A disponibilidade e acessibilidade da energia solar.<\/span><\/li>
    • Governa\u00e7\u00e3o transparente e inclusiva dos recursos.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>

      Os perigos da agricultura industrial ou convencional, que, na minha opini\u00e3o, \u00e9 a principal causa da degrada\u00e7\u00e3o das terras ar\u00e1veis, do desaparecimento da flora e da fauna, do desaparecimento de muitas variedades de sementes dos agricultores e da perda de valores culturais, sociais e ambientais.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

      \u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Como podem os activistas ser mais eficazes na luta contra a injusti\u00e7a?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Devem estar bem informados e conscientes dos problemas ligados \u00e0 agricultura. Devem tamb\u00e9m estar bem estruturados, equipados e representados em todas as reuni\u00f5es locais, nacionais e internacionais em que sejam discutidas quest\u00f5es agr\u00edcolas ou alimentares.<\/p>

      Devem estar unidos e ser solid\u00e1rios, servindo de modelo para a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de boas pr\u00e1ticas agro-ecol\u00f3gicas nas nossas explora\u00e7\u00f5es familiares e nas nossas organiza\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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      Como podem os activistas ser mais eficazes na luta contra a injusti\u00e7a?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Os perigos da agricultura industrial ou convencional, que, na minha opini\u00e3o, \u00e9 a principal causa da degrada\u00e7\u00e3o das terras ar\u00e1veis, do desaparecimento da flora e da fauna, do desaparecimento de muitas variedades de sementes dos agricultores e da perda de valores culturais, sociais e ambientais.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

      \u00a0<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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      Como podem os activistas ser mais eficazes na luta contra a injusti\u00e7a?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      • Devem dominar os desafios e as quest\u00f5es que se colocam \u00e0 agricultura e desenvolver as suas compet\u00eancias, nomeadamente em mat\u00e9ria de t\u00e9cnicas agro-ecol\u00f3gicas inovadoras.<\/li>
      • N\u00e3o devem adotar o princ\u00edpio do \"cada um por si\", mas sim desenvolver a solidariedade e a complementaridade.<\/li>
      • Devem utilizar os seus talentos para servir toda a gente.
        Os jovens precisam de compreender que a nossa sa\u00fade depende dos alimentos que ingerimos.<\/li>
      • Precisam de controlar o seu ambiente, de se identificar com ele, de o proteger e de o promover.<\/li>
      • Devem ter uma mente aberta ao conhecimento abstrato, com a intelig\u00eancia das suas m\u00e3os e a criatividade concreta, ligando as crian\u00e7as \u00e0 natureza, \u00e0 qual devem sempre a sua sobreviv\u00eancia, e despertando-as para a beleza e a sua responsabilidade perante a vida. Porque tudo isto \u00e9 essencial para elevar a sua consci\u00eancia.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        Como ser\u00e1 o sucesso do movimento agroecol\u00f3gico?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        Uma \u00c1frica onde, num esp\u00edrito de solidariedade, os agricultores participam na tomada de decis\u00f5es e cultivam, transformam, consomem e vendem os produtos da agricultura familiar africana, preservando o ambiente para um desenvolvimento harmonioso.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Mariama Sonko vive em Niaguiss, uma aldeia no sudoeste do Senegal, em \u00c1frica. Aderiu ao movimento em 1990 e, desde ent\u00e3o, tem apoiado os conhecimentos e as pr\u00e1ticas [...].<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2635,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agroecologie"],"yoast_head":"\nMariama Sonko : D\u00e9fendre l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie et les droits des femmes en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mariama Sonko, leader du mouvement "Nous Sommes la Solution", parle de l\u2019importance de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie, des d\u00e9fis de la souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest et de la lutte pour les droits des femmes rurales.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wasafrica.org\/pt\/mariama-sonko-agroecologia-africa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Entretien avec Mariama Sonko : faire entendre la voix des agricultrices en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest !\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mariama Sonko, leader du mouvement "Nous Sommes la Solution", parle de l\u2019importance de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie, des d\u00e9fis de la souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest et de la lutte pour les droits des femmes rurales.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wasafrica.org\/pt\/mariama-sonko-agroecologia-africa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nous Sommes la solution\" \/>\n<meta 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